
By Dr Raghuram Y.S. MD (Ay) & Dr Manasa, B.A.M.S
Grasp Sushruta is the grand grasp of surgical procedure. In Sushruta Samhita we come throughout 60 specialised remedies grouped below a heading referred to as ‘Shashti Upakrama’. Shashti means 60 quantity, Upakrama means remedies.
Learn – Sushruta’s 8 Sorts Of Surgical Procedures – Astavidha Shastra Karma

Medical utility of Shashti Upakrama
Sasti Upakramam is a gaggle of 60 sub-therapies/remedies. They’re defined within the context of remedy of Vranas in Chikitsa Sthana Part of Sushruta Samhita (Chapter 1). This might most likely be one among the many most historic descriptions of ‘complete administration of wounds, ulcers, irritation and wound-scars’. Although this clarification has been given within the context of wound administration, these remedies are extraordinarily useful in managing the related irritation and the scars fashioned after the injuries have been healed. All remedies will not be used for a similar goal; they’re used for various functions at completely different phases and displays of the injuries. They’re defined in the identical chronology by which they must be administered ‘stage-wise’.
Subsequently the 60 procedures defined by Grasp Sushruta assist in coping with –
- Administration of Vrana Shopha – i.e. irritation across the wounds / ulcers / abscess
- Administration of Vrana – wounds and ulcers
- Administration of Vrana Vastu – beauty restore of the fashioned scar
The fashionable day wound administration too appears influenced by Sushruta’s shashti upakrams, however Sushruta’s model appears extra complete. Many measures defined by Ayurveda are purely restricted to the sphere and experience of Ayurveda and will not be practiced in trendy medication or another up to date medical techniques.
Sushruta’s clarification emphasis on the beauty restore of the wound scars, modalities to stop recurrence and dehiscence of wounds which reveals the development of surgical practices within the historic day.
Subsequently Sashti Upakram contains treating the injuries proper from the stage of abscesses to the stage of scars. These comprise of extra advantageous strategies of wound administration compared to the identical interventions carried out by different medical techniques involving many scientifically superior trendy approaches.
Learn – Nadivrana – Sinus: Sorts, Signs, Ayurvedic Therapy
Shashti Upakramas as a part of Sapta Upakarmas – These 60 remedies can grossly included in Sapta Upakarmas i.e. 7 remedies of shopha (swelling related to wounds). Beneath talked about are the 7 therapies by which the 60 remedies are included.
Sl No | Saptopakrama (7 therapies) | Therapies of Shashti Upakramas (60 therapies) included below 7 fundamental therapies | Whole Variety of remedies included below 7 fundamental therapies |
1 | Vimlapana | Apararpana to Vimlapana | 06 |
2 | Avasechana | Visravana to Virechana | 04 |
3 | Upanaha | Upanaha and Pachana | 02 |
4 | Patana | Chedana to Sevana | 09 |
5 | Shodhana | Sandhana to Vrana Dhupana | 13 |
6 | Ropana | ||
7 | Vaikrutapaha | Utsadhana to Raksha Vidhana | 26 |
Whole = 60 remedies |
Learn – Damage, Wound care Ayurvedic Treatments, Medicines
Shashti Vidha Chikitsa – 60 kinds of remedy
The Shashti upakrama i.e. 60 kinds of remedy methods utilized in surgical follow defined by Grasp Sushruta are as beneath talked about –
Sl No | Title of the Upakrama (remedy) | That means | Inclusion in Sapta Upakrama |
1 | Apatarpana | hunger / fasting | Vimplapana |
2 | Alepa | utility of medicinal pastes | |
3 | Parisheka | showering of medicinal fluids | |
4 | Abhyanga | oil therapeutic massage | |
5 | Sweda | fomentation or sudation | |
6 | Vimlapana | mild urgent / cleaning measures | |
7 | Visraavana | drainage | Avasechana |
8 | Sneha | inducing oiliness | |
9 | Vamana | therapeutic emesis | |
10 | Virechana | therapeutic purgation | |
11 | Upanaha | poultices | Upanaha |
12 | Paachana | serving to the pus to type correctly in order to empty it out | |
13 | Chedana | excision | Patana |
14 | Bhedana | incision | |
15 | Daarana | splitting / tearing | |
16 | Lekhana | Scraping | |
17 | Eshana | Probing | |
18 | Aaharana | Extraction | |
19 | Vyadhana | Puncturing | |
20 | Vidravana | Liquefaction | |
21 | Seevana | Suturing | |
22 | Sandhana | Unification, union of fractures | Shodhana & Ropana |
23 | Peedana | Compression | |
24 | Shonita sthapana | Checking the bleeding, enabling correct circulation | |
25 | Nirvapana | Software and showering of chilly efficiency medicines | |
26 | Utkaarika | Software of heat semi-solid vata assuaging medicinal pastes to deal with wound irritation and necrosis of wounds | |
27 | Kashaya | Administering natural decoctions | |
28 | Varti | Software / inserting suppositories | |
29 | Kalka | Natural Paste Software | |
30 | Sarpi | Use of medicated ghee | |
31 | Taila | Use of medicated oils | |
32 | Rasakriya | Administration of semi-solid medicinal extracts | |
33 | Avachurnana | Sprinkling of natural powders | |
34 | Vrana Dhupana | Fumigation of wounds | |
35 | Utsaadana | Elevation of wounds – remedy of wounds with some herbs to enhance granulation tissue in order to lift the ground of the wound | Vaikrutapaha |
36 | Avasaadana | Despair of wounds – elimination of unhealthy, pointless, hyper-granulation tissue from ground of the wound which could delay therapeutic of wounds | |
37 | Mrudu Karma | Softening the perimeters of the injuries | |
38 | Daaruna Karma | Hardening the margins of the injuries (some wounds have much less tensile energy in order that the wound margin simply separate inflicting early dehiscence and wound therapeutic delayed. To keep away from very long time wound therapeutic, daaruna karma is completed) | |
39 | Kshara Karma | Software of alkalis | |
40 | Agni Karma | Hearth cauterization | |
41 | Krshna Karma | Inducing black shade (hypo-pigmentation space made regular like surrounding tissue) | |
42 | Pandu Karma | Inducing white shade (hyper-pigmentation space made regular like surrounding tissue) | |
43 | Pratisaarana | Tablets made up of tough powder of medicinal herbs is rubbed on comfortable shiny pores and skin (after wound therapeutic) in order to make the pores and skin floor tough, similar to the traditional pores and skin | |
44 | Roma Sanjanana | Therapies and medicines (measures) enabling progress of hairs | |
45 | Loma Apaharana | Therapies and medicines (measures) enabling elimination of pointless hairs | |
46 | Vasti Karma | Medicinal Enemas | |
47 | Uttara Vasti Karma | Enemas given via urinary and genital passages | |
48 | Bandha | Bandages | |
49 | Patra Daana | Protecting the injuries with leaves | |
50 | Krimighna | Disinfectants | |
51 | Brmhana | Bulk selling and strengthening remedies | |
52 | Vishagna | Anti-toxins, remedies and medicines which nullify or neutralize the impact of poisons and toxins | |
53 | Shiro virechana | Nasal instillation of medicines | |
54 | Nasya | Nasal instillation of remedy / Errhines | |
55 | Kavala dharana | Rinsing of mouth with medicinal liquids | |
56 | Dhooma | Fumigation | |
57 | Madhu sarpi | Administration of honey and ghee | |
58 | Yantra | Instrumentation | |
59 | Aahara | Dietetic routine | |
60 | Rakshaa vidhana | Sterilization (the surgical ward, devices and many others ought to be sterilized by fumigating with Guggulu (Commiphora mukul) and many others herbs and Mantra uccharana (uttering or reciting holy hymns) to kill the small pathogenic organisms) |