
By Dr Raghuram Y.S. MD (Ay) & Dr Manasa, B.A.M.S
Sapta Upakramas are the remedies utilized in historic days for surgical interventions and procedures particularly for remedy of acute /persistent wounds, their problems and to forestall their relapse. Their utility will be prolonged in skillful methods to deal with different systemic ailments additionally with modifications in remedy designing.

Sapta Upakramas are 7 sorts of remedies that are defined in Sushruta Samhita, ‘Amapakvaishaniyam Adhyayam’ Sutra sthana 17th chapter, Verses 54. Sapta = seven, Upakrama = remedies.
Grasp Sushruta has simply talked about the names of those 7 sorts of remedy with out explaining them intimately. The verse which highlights the names of those 7 specialised remedies is the final verse of this chapter. So we get a query, what could be the medical or surgical utility of the procedures which aren’t detailed within the texts?
Learn – Shashti Upakrama That means, Classification, Medical Significance
Magnification of seven Upakramas – Grasp Sushruta has simply given a synopsis of those remedies in Sutra Sthana, a bit of treatises whereby issues should be stated in nutshell. He additionally had a magnified model of those 7 remedies and known as it as ‘Shashti Upakrama’ i.e. ’60 sorts of remedies’. So exactly, Sushruta has hidden ‘60 treasured remedy procedures’ inside the core of seven remedies solely to current them in a magnified manner within the later context. Sushruta has defined these 60 varieties of specialised remedies within the first chapter of Chikitsa Sthana part which primarily offers with remedy elements of many ailments.
Learn – Charaka Vrana Chikitsa – twenty fifth Chapter – Wounds, Ulcers
Sapta Upakrama
Grasp Sushruta has defined the chronology by which these 7 remedies needs to be administered. They’re –
- Vimlapana
- Avasechana
- Upanaha
- Patana Kriya
- Shodhana
- Ropana
- Vaikrutapaha
Sanskrit Verses

Shashti Upakrama in Sapta Upakrama
Totally different sorts of remedies talked about in shashti upakrama have been included below sapta upakrama. Curiously the 60 remedies defined in chikitsa sthana are additionally talked about in a chronology. The inclusions of fragments of 60 remedies below every remedy of sapta upakrama themselves outline every of the 7 remedies and what, how and when these remedies shall be performed. In both case the chronology shall be maintained. All remedies and included sub remedies aren’t wanted in all instances of wound remedy. They’re selective and conditional and apply to the stage of wound we’re coping with.
Learn – 4 Sorts Of Swedana As Per Sushruta And Vagbhata
1. Vimlapana
Vimlapana means to melt or inflicting to wither / languish. From the record of 60 remedies the beneath talked about 6 remedies are included below Vimlapana. They’re used to make the wound smooth.
Sl No | Title of the Upakrama (remedy) | That means |
1 | Apatarpana | fasting |
2 | Alepa | utility of medicinal pastes |
3 | Parisheka | showering of medicinal fluids |
4 | Abhyanga | oil therapeutic massage |
5 | Sweda | fomentation or sudation |
6 | Vimlapana | mild urgent / cleaning measures |
2. Avasechana
Avasechana means to expel the doshas. From the record of 60 remedies the beneath talked about 4 remedies are included below Avasechana.
Sl No | Title of the Upakrama (remedy) | That means |
1 | Visravana | drainage |
2 | Sneha | inducing oiliness |
3 | Vamana | therapeutic emesis |
4 | Virechana | therapeutic purgation |
3. Upanaha
Upanaha means making use of a poultice. It’s a sort of sudation remedy. From the record of 60 remedies the beneath talked about 2 remedies are included below Upanaha.
Sl No | Title of the Upakrama (remedy) | That means |
1 | Upanaha | poultices |
2 | Pachana | serving to the pus to kind correctly in order to empty it out |
4. Patana Kriya
Patana means tearing, slipping, dividing or making incision. Kriya is the tactic by which that is performed. From the record of 60 remedies the beneath talked about 9 remedies are included below Patana Kriya.
Sl No | Title of the Upakrama (remedy) | That means |
13 | Chedana | excision |
14 | Bhedana | incision |
15 | Darana | splitting / tearing |
16 | Lekhana | Scraping |
17 | Eshana | Probing |
18 | Aaharana | Extraction |
19 | Vyadhana | Puncturing |
20 | Vidravana | Liquefaction |
21 | Seevana | Suturing |
Learn – Sushruta’s 8 Sorts Of Surgical Procedures – Astavidha Shastra Karma
5 & 6. Shodhana and Ropana
Shodhana means cleaning. Ropana means therapeutic. From the record of 60 remedies the beneath talked about 13 remedies are included below Shodhana and Ropana.
Sl No | Title of the Upakrama (remedy) | That means |
1 | Sandhana | Unification, union of fractures |
2 | Peedana | Compression |
3 | Shonita sthapana | Checking the bleeding, enabling correct circulation |
4 | Nirvapana | Software and showering of chilly efficiency medicines |
5 | Utkaarika | Software of heat semi-solid vata assuaging medicinal pastes to deal with wound irritation and necrosis of wounds |
6 | Kashaya | Administering natural decoctions |
7 | Varti | Software / inserting suppositories |
8 | Kalka | Natural Paste Software |
9 | Sarpi | Use of medicated ghee |
10 | Taila | Use of medicated oils |
11 | Rasakriya | Administration of semi-solid medicinal extracts |
12 | Avachurnana | Sprinkling of natural powders |
13 | Vrana Dhupana | Fumigation of wounds |
Learn – Harm, Wound care Ayurvedic Cures, Medicines
7. Vaikrutapaha
Vaikrutapaha means eradicating the deformities or undesired modifications which have occurred as problems or sequels of wounds. From the record of 60 remedies the beneath talked about 26 remedies are included below Vaikrutapaha.
Sl No | Title of the Upakrama (remedy) | That means |
1 | Utsadana | Elevation of wounds – remedy of wounds with some herbs to enhance granulation tissue in order to boost the ground of the wound |
2 | Avasadana | Despair of wounds – removing of unhealthy, pointless, hyper-granulation tissue from ground of the wound which could delay therapeutic of wounds |
3 | Mrudu Karma | Softening the perimeters of the injuries |
4 | Daruna Karma | Hardening the margins of the injuries (some wounds have much less tensile power in order that the wound margin simply separate inflicting early dehiscence and wound therapeutic delayed. To keep away from very long time wound therapeutic, daruna karma is finished) |
5 | Kshara Karma | Software of alkalis |
6 | Agni Karma | Fireplace cauterization |
7 | Krshna Karma | Inducing black coloration (hypo-pigmentation space made regular like surrounding tissue) |
8 | Pandu Karma | Inducing white coloration (hyper-pigmentation space made regular like surrounding tissue) |
9 | Pratisaarana | Tablets made up of tough powder of medicinal herbs is rubbed on smooth shiny pores and skin (after wound therapeutic) in order to make the pores and skin floor tough, similar to the conventional pores and skin |
10 | Roma Sanjanana | Therapies and medicines (measures) enabling progress of hairs |
11 | Loma Apaharana | Therapies and medicines (measures) enabling removing of pointless hairs |
12 | Vasti Karma | Medicinal Enemas |
13 | Uttara Vasti Karma | Enemas given by way of urinary and genital passages |
14 | Bandha | Bandages |
15 | Patra Daana | Overlaying the injuries with leaves |
16 | Krimighna | Disinfectants |
17 | Brmhana | Bulk selling and strengthening remedies |
18 | Vishagna | Anti-toxins, remedies and medicines which nullify or neutralize the impact of poisons and toxins |
19 | Shiro virechana | Nasal instillation of medicines |
20 | Nasya | Nasal instillation of remedy / Errhines |
21 | Kavala dharana | Rinsing of mouth with medicinal liquids |
22 | Dhooma | Fumigation |
23 | Madhu sarpi | Administration of honey and ghee |
24 | Yantra | Instrumentation |
25 | Aahara | Dietetic routine |
26 | Rakshaa vidhana | Sterilization (the surgical ward, devices and so on needs to be sterilized by fumigating with Guggulu (Commiphora mukul) and so on herbs and Mantra uccharana (uttering or reciting holy hymns) to kill the small pathogenic organisms) |